Hematologic disease

Hematologic disease
Classification and external resources
MeSH	D006402

Hematologic diseases are disorders which primarily affect the blood.

1 Myeloid
2 Hematological malignancies
3 Miscellaneous
4 Hematological changes secondary to non-hematological disorders
5 External links

Myeloid

Hemoglobinopathies (congenital abnormality of the hemoglobin molecule or of the rate of hemoglobin synthesis)
Anemias (lack of red blood cells or hemoglobin)
- Iron deficiency anemia
- Megaloblastic anemia
  - Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency
    - Pernicious anemia
  - Folate deficiency
- Hemolytic anemias (destruction of red blood cells)
  - Genetic disorders of RBC membrane
  - Genetic disorders of RBC metabolism
    - Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD)
    - Pyruvate kinase deficiency
  - Immune mediated hemolytic anemia (direct Coombs test is positive)
    - Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
      - Warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia
        
        Idiopathic
        
        Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
        
        Evans' syndrome (antiplatelet antibodies and hemolytic antibodies)
      - Cold antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia
        
        Idiopathic cold hemagglutinin syndrome
        
        Infectious mononucleosis
        
        Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (rare)
    - Alloimmune hemolytic anemia
      - Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)
        
        Rh disease (Rh D)
        
        ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn
        
        Anti-Kell hemolytic disease of the newborn
        
        Rhesus c hemolytic disease of the newborn
        
        Rhesus E hemolytic disease of the newborn
        
        Other blood group incompatibility (RhC, Rhe, Kid, Duffy, MN, P and others)
    - Drug induced immune mediated hemolytic anemia
      - Penicillin (high dose)
      - Methyldopa
  - Hemoglobinopathies (where these is an unstable or crystalline hemoglobin)
  - Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (rare acquired clonal disorder of red blood cell surface proteins)
  - Direct physical damage to RBCs
    - Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
    - Secondary to artificial heart valve(s)
- Aplastic anemia
Decreased numbers of cells
- Myelodysplastic syndrome
- Myelofibrosis
- Neutropenia (decrease in the number of neutrophils)
- Agranulocytosis
- Glanzmann's thrombasthenia
- Thrombocytopenia (decrease in the number of platelets)
  - Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
  - Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
  - Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)

Myeloproliferative disorders (Increased numbers of cells)
- Polycythemia vera (increase in the number of cells in general)
- Erythrocytosis (increase in the number of red blood cells)
- Leukocytosis (increase in the number of white blood cells)
- Thrombocytosis (increase in the number of platelets)
- Myeloproliferative disorder

Coagulopathies (disorders of bleeding and coagulation)
- Thrombocytosis
- Recurrent thrombosis
- Disseminated intravascular coagulation
- Disorders of clotting proteins
  - Hemophilia
    - Hemophilia A
    - Hemophilia B (also known as Christmas disease)
    - Hemophilia C
  - Von Willebrand disease
  - Disseminated intravascular coagulation
  - Protein S deficiency
  - Antiphospholipid syndrome
- Disorders of platelets

Hematological malignancies

Hematological malignancies
- Lymphomas
  - Hodgkin's disease
  - Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma{includes the next eight entries}
  - Burkitt's lymphoma
  - Anaplastic large cell lymphoma
  - Splenic marginal zone lymphoma
  - Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma
  - Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AILT)
- Myelomas
  - Multiple myeloma
  - Waldenström macroglobulinemia
- Plasmacytoma
- Leukemias
  - Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)
  - Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL){now included in theCLL/SCLL type NHL}
  - Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)
  - Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)
  - T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL)
  - B-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (B-PLL)
  - Chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL)
  - Hairy cell leukemia (HCL)
  - T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia (T-LGL)
  - Aggressive NK-cell leukemia

Miscellaneous

Hematological changes secondary to non-hematological disorders

External links

Pathology: Medical conditions and ICD code

(Disease / Disorder / Illness, Syndrome / Sequence, Symptom / Sign, Injury, etc.)

(A/B, 001–139)

Infectious disease/Infection: Bacterial disease (G+, G-) · Virus disease · Parasitic disease (Protozoan infection, Helminthiasis, Ectoparasitic infestation) · Mycosis · Zoonosis

(C/D,
140–239 &
279–289)

Cancer (C00–D48, 140–239)	Tumor

Myeloid hematologic (D50–D77, 280–289)	Anemia · Coagulopathy

Lymphoid immune (D80–D89, 279)	Immunodeficiency · Immunoproliferative disorder · Hypersensitivity

(E, 240–278)

Endocrine disease · Nutrition disorder · Inborn error of metabolism

(F, 290–319)

Mental disorder

(G, 320–359)

Nervous system disease (CNS, PNS) · Neuromuscular disease

(H, 360–389)

Eye disease · Ear disease

(I, 390–459)

Cardiovascular disease (Heart disease, Vascular disease)

(J, 460–519)

Respiratory disease (Obstructive lung disease, Restrictive lung disease, Pneumonia)

(K, 520–579)

Stomatognathic disease (Tooth disease) · Digestive disease (Esophageal, Stomach, Enteropathy, Liver, Pancreatic)

(L, 680–709)

Skin disease · skin appendages (Nail disease, Hair disease, Sweat gland disease)

(M, 710–739)

Musculoskeletal disorders: Myopathy · Arthropathy · Osteochondropathy (Osteopathy, Chondropathy)

(N, 580–629)

Urologic disease (Nephropathy, Urinary bladder disease) · Male genital disease · Breast disease · Female genital disease

(O, 630–679)

Complications of pregnancy · Obstetric labor complication · Puerperal disorder

(P, 760–779)

Fetal disease

(Q, 740–759)

Congenital disorder (Congenital abnormality)

(R, 780–799)

Syndromes · Medical signs (Eponymous)

(S/T, 800–999)

Bone fracture · Joint dislocation · Sprain · Strain · Subluxation · Head injury · Chest trauma · Poisoning

Pathology: hematology · hematologic diseases of RBCs and megakaryocytes / MEP (D50-69,74, 280-287)

Red
blood cells

↑

Poly- cythemia	Polycythemia vera

↓

Anemia

Nutritional

Micro-: Iron deficiency anemia (Plummer-Vinson syndrome)

Macro-: Megaloblastic anemia (Pernicious anemia)

Hemolytic
(mostly Normo-)

Hereditary	enzymopathy: G6PD · glycolysis (PK, TI, HK) hemoglobinopathy: Thalassemia (alpha, beta, delta) · Sickle-cell disease/trait · HPFH membrane: Hereditary spherocytosis (Minkowski-Chauffard syndrome) · Hereditary elliptocytosis (Southeast Asian ovalocytosis) · Hereditary stomatocytosis

Acquired	Autoimmune (WAHA, CAD, PCH) membrane (PNH) MAHA · TM (HUS) Drug-induced autoimmune · Drug-induced nonautoimmune Hemolytic disease of the newborn

Aplastic
(mostly Normo-)

Hereditary: Fanconi anemia · Diamond–Blackfan anemia

Acquired: PRCA · Sideroblastic anemia · Myelophthisic

Blood tests

MCV (Normocytic, Microcytic, Macrocytic) · MCHC (Normochromic, Hypochromic)

Other

Methemoglobinemia · Sulfhemoglobinemia · Reticulocytopenia

Coagulation/
coagulopathy

↑

Hyper- coagulability	primary: Antithrombin III deficiency · Protein C deficiency/Activated protein C resistance/Protein S deficiency/Factor V Leiden · Hyperprothrombinemia acquired:Thrombocytosis (essential) · DIC (Congenital afibrinogenemia, Purpura fulminans) · autoimmune (Antiphospholipid)

↓

Hypo-
coagulability

Thrombocytopenia	Thrombocytopenic purpura: ITP (Evans syndrome) · TM (TTP) Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia · May-Hegglin anomaly

Platelet function	adhesion (Bernard–Soulier syndrome) · aggregation (Glanzmann's thrombasthenia) · platelet storage pool deficiency (Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome, Gray platelet syndrome)

Clotting factor	Hemophilia (A/VIII, B/IX, C/XI) • von Willebrand disease • Hypoprothrombinemia/II · XIII · Dysfibrinogenemia

M: MYL

cell/phys (coag, heme, immu, gran), csfs

rbmg/mogr/tumr/hist, sysi/epon, btst

drug (B1/2/3+5+6), btst, trns

Hematologic disease: Monocyte and granulocyte disease (CFU-GM/CFU-Baso/CFU-Eos), including immunodeficiency (D70-D71, 288)

Monocytes/
macrophages

↑	Histiocytosis · Chronic granulomatous disease -cytosis: Monocytosis

↓	-penia: Monocytopenia

Granulocytes

↑	-cytosis: granulocytosis (Neutrophilia, Eosinophilia/Hypereosinophilic syndrome, Basophilia, Bandemia)

↓	-penia: Granulocytopenia/agranulocytosis (Neutropenia/Kostmann syndrome · Eosinopenia · Basopenia)

PBD

chemotaxis/degranulation: Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD1, LAD2) · Chédiak–Higashi syndrome

respiratory burst: (Chronic granulomatous disease, Neutrophil immunodeficiency syndrome, Myeloperoxidase deficiency)

M: MYL

cell/phys (coag, heme, immu, gran), csfs

rbmg/mogr/tumr/hist, sysi/epon, btst

drug (B1/2/3+5+6), btst, trns

Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period / fetal disease (P, 760–779)

Maternal factors and
complications of pregnancy,
labour and delivery

placenta: Placenta praevia · Placental insufficiency · Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome

chorion/amnion: Chorioamnionitis

umbilical cord: Umbilical cord prolapse · Nuchal cord · Single umbilical artery

Length of gestation
and fetal growth

Small for gestational age/Large for gestational age · Preterm birth/Postmature birth · Intrauterine growth restriction

Birth trauma

scalp (Cephalhematoma, Chignon, Caput succedaneum, Subgaleal hemorrhage) · Brachial plexus lesion (Erb's palsy, Klumpke paralysis)

By system

Respiratory	Intrauterine hypoxia · Infant respiratory distress syndrome · Transient tachypnea of the newborn · Meconium aspiration syndrome · pleural disease (Pneumothorax, Pneumomediastinum) · Wilson-Mikity syndrome · Bronchopulmonary dysplasia

Cardiovascular	Pneumopericardium · Persistent fetal circulation

Haemorrhagic and hematologic disease	Vitamin K deficiency (Haemorrhagic disease of the newborn) HDN (ABO • Anti-Kell • Rh c • Rh D • Rh E) · Hydrops fetalis · Hyperbilirubinemia (Kernicterus, Neonatal jaundice) Velamentous cord insertion Intraventricular hemorrhage (Germinal matrix hemorrhage) Anemia of prematurity

Digestive	Ileus · Necrotizing enterocolitis · Meconium peritonitis

Integument and temperature regulation	Erythema toxicum · Sclerema neonatorum

Nervous system	Periventricular leukomalacia

Musculoskeletal	Gray baby syndrome · muscle tone (Congenital hypertonia, Congenital hypotonia)

Infectious

Perinatal infection (Congenital rubella syndrome, Neonatal herpes simplex) · Omphalitis · Neonatal sepsis (Group B streptococcal infection) · Neonatal conjunctivitis

Other

Perinatal mortality (Stillbirth, Infant mortality) · Neonatal withdrawal

M: OBS

phys/devp/memb

mthr/fetu/infc, epon

proc, drug(2A/G2C)